The present study used qualitative research methods to...

The present study used qualitative research methods to synthesize empirical findings of how gun control laws in each of the 50 states in the United States are alike or different. The study was also interested in determining whether local and state gun regulations have much in common with federal laws and are similar across the states. The study hypothesized that gun control regulations at the state level do not greatly differ from federal legislation. While there are certain differences between state and federal gun regulation, the variances are subtle and do not necessarily contradict federal provisions. This meta-analysis qualitatively integrated findings from primary research on gun laws across the state, as well as state, local, and†¦show more content†¦The qualitative method was preferred, as it is better suited for gathering unstructured information that is not numerical. Gun laws in the United States and their differences across the country cannot be quantified numeri cally, but are more suited for unstructured observation. This makes qualitative data gathering the method most likely to achieve the objectives of the present study. In addition the qualitative data, which is more descriptive in nature, will be efficient in providing an outlook of the current status of gun laws in the United States and how they are similar or differ from each other. On its part, quantitative research uses numerical data, which can be ranked in order, categorized, and subsequently measured in measurement units. Evidently, it is difficult to use units of measurement for gun laws to determine how they differ or are similar to gun laws in other states. The present research was designed based on the classic Glassian meta-analysis approach that explicitly defines the questions to be investigated in the study (Glass, McGraw, Smith, 1981). The intent was to comprehensively, systematically, and transparently ascertain extant knowledge on gun laws in the United States and how they are alike or different across the states. Difference or alikeness would also portray a picture of how various other variables such demographics, politics,Show MoreRelatedEssay about Phd Comprehensive Exam. in Leadership15004 Words   |  61 Pages1 The mixed method has recently become a popular method of research. Analyze and compare the mixed method, qualitative and quantitative research methods. Evaluate the effectiveness of each as a valid method of research on models of military leadership. Introduction The sociological effects discussed by Kuhn (1996) as to the institutionalization of knowledge paradigms, may account for the fact there is a great deal of concurrence as to the nature of both qualitative and quantitativeRead MoreQualitative Research and Celebrity Endorsement24767 Words   |  100 Pages      The Effectiveness of Celebrity Endorsement in India Abstract   The practice of celebrities being used for rendering services other than performing their actual job as either an actor or an athlete, such as endorsements has proliferated over time. Despite the cost and the risks involved with this technique of advertising, it is been used quite extensively in the present era. The instrument of celebrity endorsement has nowadays become a pervasive element in advertising and communicationRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesAppendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 DisciplinesRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesStudents achieve concept mastery in a rich, structured environment that’s available 24/7 Instructors personalize and manage their course more effectively with assessment, assignments, grade tracking, and more manage time better study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesenvironments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 Resource leveling 7.2 Setting a cost and time baseline schedule (1.3.5) [8.1.3] 6.5.2.3 Critical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesRastafari From Outcasts to Culture Bearers Ennis Barrington Edmonds 2003 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford It furthers the Universitys objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sà £o Paulo

The Five Stages of Grief in Edgar Allan Poes Poem, The Raven

Grief is one emotion that everyone is familiar with. One of the reasons why people grieve is because it is a reaction to the loss of a loved one, a family member, or a close friend, however, everyone deals with grief differently. When a person is grieving he/she goes through five stages: Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. It can take very long for someone to reach acceptance. Sometimes, people don’t go through all five of the stages. There is one man who practically wrote the definition of grief, Edgar Allan Poe. Edgar Allan Poe wrote a substantial amount of poems, and a majority of them have to do with the death of a young woman and their loved ones left behind. What makes Edgar Allan Poe’s writing so significant is that the men grieving usually fall into madness. â€Å"The Raven† is dark, depressing, and sends off an eerie vibe. Poe wrote a poem of this nature because, like most writers, he wrote what he was feeling. Edgar Allan Poeâ€⠄¢s poem â€Å"The Raven† happens to be his most popular poem. There are two characters in this poem: a Raven and the narrator. The narrator is telling the story of when he had just lost the love of his life, Lenore. Right away the reader finds out it is a dark, cold night. He comes off as a lonely grieve-stricken man. He is reading a book of folklore in the middle of the night until he is able to sleep, and â€Å"surcease the sorrow† (st 2, l 4) as he hopes that his pain will end. In stanza 2 line 1 we find out that it is the month ofShow MoreRelatedThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe945 Words   |  4 PagesGrief. There comes a time in everyone’s life that they find themselves grieving due to tragic events or losses. I personally am very fortunate and have not had to experience hardly any grief in my life. Everyone is different which results in everyone having their own way that they deal with grief. The way that Edgar Allan Poe describes grief and the way that Em ily Dickinson describes grief is both different and similar. Poe’s famous poem titled â€Å"The Raven† is a great example of how Edgar AllanRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe; Fame Inspired by a Tragic Life865 Words   |  4 Pagespoet, Edgar Allan Poe, had been plagued by grief from an early age. He was an amazing poet and author who just happened to have a darker story. Many who have studied this prestigious man feel that his works, though magnificent, were extremely dark. Some believe it was nothing more then a fancy for him to spin such gruesome tales. Others feel his work was manipulated by the misfortune of his past. These people have actually found evidence that agrees with this statement. The works of Edgar Allan PoeRead MorePoetic Devices In The Raven1061 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Raven†, a ballad of eighteen six-line stanzas contains emphatic meter and rhymes. The ballad is an anguishing narrative of a young man who, bereaved by the death of the woman he deeply loved. He constructs a self-destructive meaning around a raven’s repetition of the word â€Å"Nevermore,† as he despairs being reunited with his beloved Lenore, in the after life. The first seven stanzas establish the setting and the narrator’s state of mind. Weak and overwhelmed with grief, the speaker tries to overshadowRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe: His Life and The Raven4939 Words   |  20 PagesEdgar Allan Poe: His Life and The Raven Edgar Allan Poe is considered to be the father of the short story by many. Over the course of his life, he wrote hundreds of short stories and poems. His writing style is unique and influenced by the tragedies that occurred over the course of his life. In fact, he is most well known for writing morbid stories and gruesome, dismal poems. Indeed his writing habits were heavily influenced by his life. His life was full of depression, angst, and woe. Read More Edgar Allan Poe: Life and Works Essay2848 Words   |  12 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Edgar Allan Poe was a literary genius of his time. His works may seem eccentric but beneath the words and stories lies a solemn, alone boy whose only way of comfort and relief was through his pen. Of the critical reviews I have studied pertaining to Poe, never has such a varied difference of opinions been presented or suggested towards a writer. It is thought that his life had a major influence on his writing and by reading many of his p ieces I agree with that statement. Edgar Poe was bornRead MoreEssay on The Life of Edgar Allan Poe4875 Words   |  20 PagesThe Life of Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe is considered to be the father of the short story by many. Over the course of his life, he wrote hundreds of short stories and poems. His writing style is unique and influenced by the tragedies that occurred over the course of his life. In fact, he is most well known for writing morbid stories and gruesome, dismal poems. Indeed his writing habits were heavily influenced by his life. His life was full of depression, angst, and woe. Many of theRead MoreSad Life of Edgar Allen Poe in his Poetry1885 Words   |  8 PagesEdgar Allan Poe â€Å"I became insane, with long intervals of sanity.† -Edgar Allan Poe (BrainyQuote) Edgar Allan Poe has become a household name since his poetic debut â€Å"The Raven†, his most well-known poem. However, many are unaware of his haunting past and the emotional disturbances he was forced to deal with over and over throughout his life. From the death ofRead MoreLiterary Terms3784 Words   |  16 PagesApostrophe Sometimes, apostrophe is confused with personification because it assumes an object can hear. But, an apostrophe is unique in that it is the adressing or speaking to a thing or object or to a person who is often not present. The persona of the poem directly addresses something. My lute, awake. Romeo, wherefore art thou? Milton! thou shoudst be listening at this hour. Please write two examples of apostrophe: ____________________________________________________________ ______ ___Read MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 PagesKarl Marx (how money and class structure control a nation) Modernism period of American Literature - 1900-1946 Content: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · dominant mood: alienation and disconnection people unable to communicate effectively fear of eroding traditions and grief over loss of the past Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · highly experimental allusions in writing often refer to classical Greek and Roman writings use of fragments, juxtaposition, interior monologue, and stream of consciousness writers seeking to create

Leadership, Ethics, Integrity And Civility - 754 Words

Leadership, Ethics, Integrity and Civility Keer Fan The George Washington University I agree with what the videos say that ethical leaders have both individual as well as organizational responsibilities. As to individual responsibility, if an ethical leader acts ethically, he will inspirit other people to follow him as an example. If leaders act unethically, subordinates will copy these unethical actions. The videos show that personal examples set by firm leaders is the single factor that has the biggest impact on ethical culture of a firm. As to organizational responsibility, leaders should organize and manage the culture of their companies so that they can urge their subordinates to act ethically. However some leaders are so overconfident in their own morality, which lead to their downfall. In detail, some leaders had achieved great success before, so they were overconfident and thought they were always right. Without self-reflection, they made ethical mistakes and finally failed. I think the collapse of Lehman Brothers is a good example. When Lehman Brothers planned to receive the capital injection of the Korea Development Bank, although other people said Lehman Brothers could not accept this injection, it continued to insist on. Finally, Lehman Brothers failed because of the overconfidence. Also, many leaders in recent years have been involved in career-damaging scandals that involved personal improprieties. In my opinion, such things happen in more frequency to leadersShow MoreRelatedEthics And Being A Business Major Essay1586 Words   |  7 PagesBeing a business major, most of our class are either learning the ethics and being civil in business from being managers to CEO ’s, or tips on how to look at financial statements and balance sheets all day without being bored. However, it also shows us the civility and incivility side of business through some courses which revolve around managing. My concentration is management, and most of the classes I have taken show how being a manager can either go civil or uncivil, depending on how you leadRead MoreThe Ethics Of An Ethical Leader822 Words   |  4 PagesThe study of ethics is fundamental to leadership effectiveness. Human relationships, our being, and roles in society influence morality by right and wrong, good and evil, or just and unjust actions. As a human relationship, leadership hallmarks power, influence, vision, obligation, and responsibility (Ciulla, 2003). These attributes can undermine or contribute to the success of the ethical and effective leader in education. Power is defined as the capability or ability to direct or influenceRead MoreCorporate Integrity : Rethinking Organizational Ethics, And Leadership937 Words   |  4 PagesBrown, M. (2005). Corporate integrity: Rethinking organizational ethics, and leadership. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. The maintenance of ethical behavior when in a leadership situation becomes difficult when leaders are operating in a weak or non-existent value system. Brown (2005) exposes various reasons which make leaders behave unethically. According to him, leaders are expected to lead by example since all subordinates have to follow what the leaders prospect. However, there areRead MoreUnited States Army and Respect1322 Words   |  6 Pagesservice, honor, integrity and personal courage sent a strong message that respect for others should be an integral part of US Army leadership. The US Army Training and Doctrine Command. (TRADOC.s) initial definition of respect, .treat people as they should be treated,. provided little guidance for defining the characteristics of this core component of Army leadership. RespectinFM22-100 As the capstone leadership manual for the Army, US Army Field Manual (FM) 22-100, Army Leadership, gives a concreteRead MoreCan Ethical Values be Incorporated Into an Orga nization’s Culture? 2636 Words   |  11 Pagestheir corporate culture, they will have an engaged workforce that will have higher morale, higher employee retention, and higher production. â€Å"American Management Association (AMA) executive members completed an online corporate values survey. Ethics and integrity were listed among 76% of the respondents’ company corporate values and 72% said that they were practiced most or all of the time. Yet respondents had seen unethical behaviors: micromanagement (70%), hidden agendas (56%), dissension in seniorRead MoreThrough My Registered Nurse To Bachelor Of Science In Nursing1305 Words   |  6 Pagesall the RN-BSN courses provoked critical thinking, an understanding of civility, self-evaluation, and increased self-awareness that created changes in my nursing profession that were outwardly noticeable by my peers and supervisors. Without formal education involving finances prior to this educational journey, business o perations proved to be the area that I lacked the most understanding of, through The Principles of Leadership and Management course as well as the Statistic course, my difficultiesRead MoreConceptual Framework Ethical Dispositions Essay1262 Words   |  6 Pagesright-hand column, state the priority from 1-7, (â€Å"1† being the most important) you would assign this concept as an educator; state and defend your rationale. Use research to support your rationale. Comparison of overlapping statements regarding teacher ethics | Priority of specific ethical disposition/protocol and rationale | The professional educator makes a constructive effort to protect the student from conditions detrimental to learning, health, or safety. (AAE, 1994-2012).Challenging students toRead MoreThe New Psychology Field Of Positive Psychology928 Words   |  4 Pagesthe strengths and virtues, such as the capacity for love and work, courage, compassion, resilience, creativity, curiosity, integrity, self-knowledge, moderation, self-control, and wisdom. Understanding positive institutions entail the study of the strengths that foster better communities, such as justice, responsibility, civility, parenting, nurturance, work, ethic, leadership, teamwork, purpose, and tolerance.† (IPPA, 2007) Gratitude Gratitude is defined as â€Å"the quality of being thankful; readinessRead MoreSample Resume : Office Of Personnel Management1648 Words   |  7 Pagessuperior results in services, leadership and coaching to our Nation and its Veterans at large. The purpose of VA agency as it mission is to build a diverse workforce with inclusive workplace that delivers the best services to our Nation’s Veterans, their families, and beneficiaries. VA`s office of personnel management`s vision is to value professional hiring, develop effective managers as well as inclusive program adheres to the Department’s core values of integrity, commitment, advocacy, respectRead MoreThe Legal Obligations Of The Manager2179 Words   |  9 PagesIf discrimination is being tolerated without castigation, Nancy will be held liable for every individual’s action causing legal quandaries. Recognizing dignity of human is the foundation of respect. Respect requires us to treat all humans with civility and appropriate honesty. It also entails legitimate demands for competence and improvement from individuals and is anchored in being present to others, listening and learning (Evans School of Public Affairs). Reed City employees can demonstrate respect

A Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift - 982 Words

Jonathan Swift, author of â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† tries to present different ideas in order to change the situation of Ireland. Through his proposal, he is able to get his point across. He wrote this essay to show how undeveloped and bad the state of Ireland is and the social classes. In â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, Swift effectively uses insincerity, sarcasm, and rhetorical exaggeration to reveal his annoyance of politicians, papists, and overall citizens of poverty-stricken Ireland in the late seventeenth century. The purpose of his argument is to raise awareness of the issue. Swift vents his growing aggravation at the incompetence of Ireland’s politicians, the hypocrisy of the wealthy, the tyranny of the English and the squalor and degradation in which he saw so many Irish people living. Swift persuades his audience by proposing an extreme and unethical solution, in hopes that he will get others to start thinking about actual solutions. On other hand, Onion i s an organization that publishes articles on international, national, and local news. On the following paragraphs there are some similarity and differences between Swift essay and some articles from onion. The similar idea that is mentioned in â€Å"A modest Proposal and in onion article is. Swift proposes that the babies of all the poor and desolate will â€Å"contribute to the feeding, and partly to the clothing, of many thousands† to improve Ireland’s economy and standard of living. He says this because many women kept havingShow MoreRelatedA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift Essay836 Words   |  4 PagesIn Jonathan Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, we are exposed to the timeless issue of homelessness and the state’s role in their social welfare. Swift was a fervent Irish patriot who was disgusted by the flourishing trend of beggars and hungry children that flooded the streets of his beloved country. This topic is relatable as this is a social issue that plagues many countries in the present age. Swift presents a satirical argument in which he proposes Ireland adopt the horrific practices of eating theirRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swi ft1647 Words   |  7 PagesSatire in â€Å"A Modest Proposal† and Different Articles Jonathan Swift, author of â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† tries to present different ideas in order to change the situation of Ireland. Through his proposal, he is able to get people’s attention, and the way he uses satire throughout the article made his argument more successful. He wrote this essay to show how ignored and bad the state of Ireland and its social classes are. In â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, Swift effectively uses rhetorical exaggeration to expressRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift813 Words   |  4 PagesJonathan Swift, author of the satirical piece â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† organized an outrageous proposal to the people of Ireland. In this pamphlet, Swift offered his personal views on how to overcome Ireland’s issue of overpopulation and poverty. By raising nationwide attention, Swift plan to shock the readers by emphasizing the idea of cannibalism as a way to deal with Ireland’s problems. Swift’s technique of audie nce, tone, and pathos help determine the advantages and disadvantages of â€Å"A Model Proposal†Read MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1333 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"A modest proposal† by Jonathan Swift is an essay, which was written to elaborate the poverty of people in Ireland. Where poor viewed as having an absence of worth in the public eye, playing no essential part in more noteworthy else s benefit of the people. Swift uses situational irony in this essay which also represented a work of satire. By definition situational irony happens when the final outcome is opposing to what was expected. Basically his proposal was for poor children roaming around theRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift860 Words   |  4 PagesI was informed to read â€Å"A Modest Proposal† by Jonathan Swift as an assignment for creating annotated bibliographies, I began to develop an interest on how Swift came about the matter of his request into rebuilding Ireland s eco nomy and way of life. I believed that Swift added cannibalizing children to the subject matter to give his proposal a more profound and eye-opening effect, but my readings further piqued my interests on the topic. As a result, I researched Jonathan Swift’s motives and styleRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1057 Words   |  5 Pages A Modest Proposal â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, written in 1979 by Jonathan Swift, is a fascinating sardonic, overwhelming hyperbole. He explores the miserable fate of poverty-striven Irish whose struggle in vain in an effort to feed their huge emaciated families. In the essay, Swift advocates that the penurious Irish should sell their babies to the rich ladies and gentlemen and obtain monetary power required to ease their economic predicaments. The straight-faced parody that features predominantly in theRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1340 Words   |  6 PagesA Modest Proposal was written in the year 1729 by the famous satirist Jonathan Swift. In his work he outlines the pros of eating unwanted children of Ireland for economical benefits in a time of great poverty. While the reader can obviously discard the idea of eating children, in his proposal, in a roundabout way, Swift speaks to hard pressing issues of the time. The state of Ireland is well described by Swift in this piece. He speaks of woman who â€Å"instead of being able to work for their honestRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1795 Words   |  8 PagesHave you ever thought about eating an infant to ease your economic hardship? You’re not the only one! Jonathan Swift wrote an entire pamphlet about it (satirically, of course). Satire has the ability to point out societal inadequacy and ridicule political policies in a way that is humorous in its absurdity while masking its true intent. In A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift, the author’s use of exaggeration and irony to draw attention to the meaningless lives of the Irish people to English ruleRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift1032 Words   |  5 PagesJonathan Swift’s satirical pamphlet, A Modest Proposal, as a way to ironically find a way For the CommonWealth of Ireland to benefit from the starving children. He proposes the idea that an un wanted child should be fattened up then feed to landlords or have their meat sold in the market. In turn curing the nation’s problem of overpopulation and contribute to the economic well-being of the nation. Swift’s satire exploits the fundamental human function of eating. The need to eat is a driving humanRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Jonathan Swift784 Words   |  4 Pagesstatistics that should receive a monetary value. This emotionally detached view of humans led to Swift employing Petty as a model for the proposer in his satirical essay â€Å"A Modest Proposal.† After years of submitting proposals to ameliorate Ireland’s issues, Swift finally attacked the ruling caste and Petty for their treatment of and apathy toward the suffering of the Irish. In Jonathan Swift’s essay â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† Swift’s employment of the proposer’s employment of dehumanizing, emotionally detached

The Film Letters From Iwo Jima - 2048 Words

In the film Letters from Iwo Jima it portrays the battle between the United States of America and Japan in World War II. The film follows Japanese soldiers at Iwo Jima, from their preparations for the American invasion up, and until the last push at the end of the battle. Unlike most war films directed by an American, it is from the perspective of the ‘enemy’. A main idea of the film was to focus on the idea that there was good and evil on both sides. And although there were different concepts between Americans and Japanese soldiers, we are all human and share aspects in common. Clint Eastwood, the director, draws interest from both American and Japanese audiences by creating the film to be from the Japanese point of view. He does this because he is an American filmmaker, which will automatically intrigue American viewers. He draws Japanese audiences, because the film is entirely from their point of view. Eastwood even uses real Japanese actors instead of Asian American actors. This creates a more authentic feel, because they were speaking in their own language. The film is also entirely in Japanese with English subtitles. Eastwood discards many Hollywood stereotypes that are commonly used on American and Japanese soldiers. He draws from real-life events to convey a real and dramatic relationship between the two sides. The film was given many positive reviews, and was noted as being one of the best films of 2006. It still received mixed emotions from both Americans andShow MoreRelatedFilm Review: Letters from Iwo Jima Essay929 Words   |  4 PagesIt would be near insanity to say Letters from Iwo Jima constitutes an everyday war movie. Clint Eastwood not only created a film that sympathizes with the Japanese, but also acknowledges the fact that both the Japanese and Americans were wrong. The Japanese assumed Americans were cowardly fools and the Americans had been taught the Japanese were mindless imperial machines. These stereotypes are quickly cast aside as viewers of this movie acquaint themselves with Saigo and his friends. HoweverRead MoreClint Eastwoods _Letters from Iwo Jima_ Essay1129 Words   |  5 Pages2006, a film directed by Clint Eastwood was released in theatres around the world titled Letters from Iwo Jima. Unlike most war movies that are produced for the American public, this film entirely captures the World War II battle of Iwo Jima from the perspective of the enemy. For a rare change, Letters from Iwo Jima shows the cultural aspect and daily life the Japanese soldiers experienced during the war. Although the f ilm was given many positive reviews and was noted as one of the best films of 2006Read MoreThe Battle At Iwo Jima, But Instead, Looking At First Person Accounts And Eyewitnesses1608 Words   |  7 PagesA. Plan of Investigation The purpose of this investigation is to go beyond the perceived thoughts and facts about Iwo Jima, but instead, looking at first person accounts and eyewitnesses. Iwo Jima is known as â€Å"Thirty Six Days of Hell† which takes place from the 19th of February in 1945 to the 26th of March, 1945. During these thirty six days the goal of this battle was to obtain the island because of the location and how they would be able to utilize it for a landing strip for damaged aircraftsRead MoreBrief Biography of Clint Eastwood581 Words   |  2 Pageson May 31, 1930, in San Francisco, California, as Clinton Eastwood Jr. to Clinton Sr. and Ruth Eastwood, with an older sister named Jean. After looking for work in California during the Depression, the family settled in Oakland, where he graduated from Oakland Technical High School in 1948. Clint worked odd jobs, including as a hay baler, logger, truck driver and steel-furnace stoker. In 1950, he joined the military with the Army Special S ervices, based at Fort Ord in Monterey, California. WhileRead MoreFilm Analysis : The Curious Case Of Benjamin Button 1819 Words   |  8 PagesBullock Dr. Terri Hasseler LCS 230-A 20, October 2017 Midterm Examination Films Used in Questions: Question 1: The Curious Case of Benjamin Button Question 2: Frost/Nixon and Bicycle Thieves Question 3: Un Chien Andalou and Letters from Iwo Jima Question 4: Pan’s Labyrinth and Citizen Kane Question 1: In the intersecting film adaptation of The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, by David Fincher, the moral and setting differs from the original version that appears in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s â€Å"Tales ofRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash 1853 Words   |  8 Pages GENRE I RACE IN THE FILM CRASH DEPARTMENT OF FILM AND CREATIVE WRITING INTRODUCTION TO FILM STUDIES B MODULE CODE: 09 24802 STUDENT ID: 1613440 MICHELE AARON UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM 1. Introduction This paper is a critical analysis of the American film Crash, directed by Paul Haggis which was performed for the first time in 2004. This essay will therefore deal with Gender I and Race, two of the approaches discussed in the subject Introduction to Film Studies B in the secondRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslittle significance. But there is little agreement over when the twentieth century c.e. arrived, and there were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable

Psychological and Behavioral Approaches to Cancer Pain Management

Question: Discuss about the Psychological and Behavioral Approaches to Cancer Pain Management. Answer: Research aim To examine the evidences for psychological factors that affect pain among the cancer patient from diagnosis through treatment and long-term survival or end of life PICO question Does the pain of cancer can be reduced by using psychological and cognitive behavioral treatment better than therapeutic treatment? P (problem) Pain of cancer I (intervention) Psychological treatment and Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for cancer pain C (comparison) Psychological treatment better than therapeutic treatment O (outcome) Reduction of pain Table 1: PICO template (Source: Author) Evidence base analysis through PICO: Pain of cancer The cancer pain is much chronic in nature and mostly arises due to the tumor pressing upon the bones, nerves or other organs in the body. The pain sensations could also be attributed to the aggressive chemotherapy that the person is exposed to. The chemotherapy drugs have been seen to cause numbness and tingling of the feet and hands or results in a burning sensation at the site of the infection (Roditi Robinson, 2011). The pain suffered in cancer could be further divided into acute and chronic pain. In this context, having a surgery as part of the cancer treatment can result in acute pain in the patients. However, the pain could be controlled with the intake of medicines and subsides once the wound heals. The chronic pain however occurs due to the tumor enlargement, which builds upon a huge amount of pressure against the organs or the nervous tissues. Psychological intervention and CBT for cancer pain In this regard, 25% of the newly diagnosed cancer patients have complained of pain. Similarly, 60% to 90% patients with advanced stages of cancer have complained of severe pain. The emergence of the pain have been mostly related to medical and consecutive surgical approaches, which results in greater time of wound healing. Additionally, some of the cancer medicines have been seen to cause a number of side effects in people such as chronic constipation and nausea. Moreover, reports and evidences have shown a strong correlation between the fear and anxiety for cancer and acute pain in the patients have been found. As commented by Eccleston, Morley Williams (2013), the psychological interventions can also reduce the percentage of negative feelings such as depression, anxiety and fear in the patient. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) The cognitive behavioral therapy helps the patients in managing their pain. The CBT is a four step process which initially begins with pain education (Ehde, Dillworth Turner, 2014). Here, pain education refers to the practice of making the patient aware of the all the physical, emotional and sensory factors which contributed to the feeling of pain in the patients. The second step is to provide the patients with sufficient knowledge or skills which would help them in management of their pain. The third step lies in the application if the skills in a dummy situation so that they can cope with similar real situations in the future. The final step is to allow the patients maintain the skills for coping with similar pain relapses in the future. Comparison of psychological treatment with therapeutic treatment The treatment methods for cancer follow an aggressive pattern where the patients have to undergo regular chemotherapy sessions. The medicines for cancer often results in severe side effects in the patients such as indigestion, nausea, constipation. Therefore, the therapeutic approaches have a considerable amount of limitations. However, the psychological support results in provision of greater amount of support to the patients and their respective families. Therefore, the nurses or the care professionals looking after the cancer patients need to be more empathetic in their approach and behavior towards the patients. Pain reduction A strong correlation has been found between chronic sickness and presence of mood disorders in an individual. The fear of dying early and the ambitions of life can led to feelings of depression or anxiety in an individual (Syrjala et al., 2014). Therefore, undertaking cognitive behavioral approach can help in educating the patients regarding the aspects of pain management and development of a positive perception within the patients. Search strategy The search was done from the online database sources such as Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane library and CINAHL. The keywords used are cancer, cancer pain, pain management, psychological treatment, psychological factors and cognitive behavioral treatment The limitations of the search was the journals must be peer reviewed, language must be English, year of publishing must be from 2013-2017. Methods Some methods are done which are effective, those includes education, cognitive behavioral approaches and hypnosis. These methods have been tested in patients suffering from cancer and long-term survivors (Denlinger et al., 2014). Literature review According to Cascella, Cuomo Viscardi (2016), they are researching about the intensity of chronic pain is a common and costly issue that evades sufficient treatment. They are doing the research by checking on the mental models that have been utilized to conceptualize unending painpsychodynamic, behavioral (respondent and operant), and subjective behavioral (Cheville Basford, 2014). Significantly, they separated the intellectual behavioral point of view from subjective and behavioral strategies. The results that were obtained are support and idea of worsening of side effects due to cancer which causes the chronic pain. The systems are altogether outfitted to cultivating discretion and self-administration that will urge a patient to supplant their sentiments of lack of involvement, reliance, and sadness with movement, freedom, and genius (Paice Von Roenn, 2014). According to Ogbeide Martin (2016), pain is a normal and a perplexing background among patients with tumor. The motivation behind this audit is to give a judicious to a clinician's part in growth pain administration and a guide for doing as such in light of an examination of the present disease pain writing. They are conducting the research by doing a survey that was led utilizing the search terms: growth pain, non-pharmacological mediations and agony administration. Associate checked on articles (distributed in the year 2000-2015) in which the writers approached the full-connected content, books, and sites were incorporated. In this they had concluded the role of the clinical worker managing the pain. As per Dame Cicely Saunders, pain of cancer is an "immense pain" on the grounds that the patient's pain encounter has physical, enthusiastic, social, and profound measurements. A total of 451 hits were selected of which 53 were essential and taken for this review. These were then dealt with into the going with focuses: complex threat torment issue, ebb and flow development physiological medications, and the multifactorial model of tumor pain, interventions and psychosocial assessment obstacles to treatment, and clinical repercussions that influence the possible destiny of behavioral intercessions as a component of illness treatment. It was concluded that each patient with cancer has an extraordinary agony encounter that is formed by biopsychosocial factors (Novy Aigner, 2014). According to Cassileth and Keefe (2010), integrative oncology is the combination of standard growth care and confirmation based reciprocal treatments. Integral systems incorporate back rub treatments, needle therapy, wellness, and mind body procedures, which exploit the complementary connection between the psyche and body. Neuropathic agonyand pain all the for the most partwill be a piece of an unpredictable procedure including the entire physical and psychosocial being (Glare et al., 2014). Eccleston, Morley Williams (2013), are researching that psychological treatments are a base of management of pain and a suggested highlight of a cutting edge pain treatment benefit. They are conducting efficient surveys for the confirmation of mental intercessions are looked into in this article. Results show that the change in agony, state of mind, and incapacity, changes not accomplished by possibility or by introduction to some other treatment (Zaza Baine, 2002). Research proposal Cancer Pain Management: Implications for Psychologists Abstract: Pain is a normal experience among those determined to have growth. The beginning of agony might be the underlying concern displayed by a patient to their therapeutic supplier, endless supply of the wellspring of that pain, prompts a tumor conclusion (Rao et al., 2015). It is evaluated that 33% of recently analyzed growth patients encounter pain (Kiserud et al., 2014). This rate develops to 60-80% as infection and treatment difficulties cause an expanded frequency of pain. Notwithstanding the organic instruments, mental and social elements can altogether affect tumor pain. Truth be told, another command from the American College of Surgeons' Commission on Cancer requires malignancy focuses to screen patients for psychosocial trouble (Johannsen et al., 2013). Purpose The reason for this hypothetical survey is to give a structure and manual for therapists working with patients encountering tumor with the objective of upgrading the appraisal and administration of malignancy pain. Given that this survey is composed for clinicians who may need pertinent medicinal information, an outline of complex pain from cancer disorders and noninvasive treatments is likewise given. Aim To examine the evidences for psychological factors that affect pain among the cancer patient from diagnosis through treatment and long-term survival or end of life. Research questions What are the psychological factors related to pain during the treatment; psychological and behavioral interventions; reduction of pain during treatment; psychological factors during survival; clinical implications of pain throughout the survival; pain and psychological factors at the end of life (Lee et al., 2015). Methods The literature review search was being done by using the given databases from the sites named PsycArticles, PsychInfo, SocIndex, and Medline Plus. The search terms used are as follows: cancer pain, non-pharmacological interventions, managing the pain (Syrjala et al. 2014). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mental or behavioral mediations focusing on growth pain have exhibited clinically important impact sizes. A current meta-examination of psychosocial intercessions for pain, for instance, discovered 37 contemplates deserving of consideration; half were instruction centered. Conclusion Thus it can be concluded that, there is developing confirmation that mental factors, for example, abnormal amounts of trouble or agony catastrophizing can increase the seriousness and effect of pain in patients with cutting edge malady. Lamentably, most examinations depend on cross-sectional outlines, making it hard to decide whether mental elements prompt expanded pain or the other way around. Gradually the increase in the proof of the impacts of mental factors on pain has increased the enthusiasm for mental mediations that decrease the pain experienced by patients with cutting edge ailment. In spite of the fact that there is solid proof from RCTs that abilities based preparing in pain adapting procedures and mesmerizing can diminish pain in patients with cutting edge sickness. References Cascella, M., Cuomo, A., Viscardi, D. (2016). Psychological, Behavioral, and Rehabilitation Approaches to Cancer Pain Management. In Features and Management of the Pelvic Cancer Pain (pp. 143-149). Springer International Publishing. Cassileth, B. R., Keefe, F. J. (2013). Integrative and behavioral approaches to the treatment of cancer-related neuropathic pain. The oncologist, 15(Supplement 2), 19-23. Cheville, A. L., Basford, J. R. (2014). Role of rehabilitation medicine and physical agents in the treatment of cancer-associated pain. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32(16), 1691-1702. Denlinger, C. S., Ligibel, J. A., Are, M., Baker, K. S., Demark-Wahnefried, W., Friedman, D. L., ... Kvale, E. (2014). Survivorship: pain version 1.2014. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 12(4), 488-500. Eccleston, C., Morley, S. J., Williams, A. D. C. (2013). Psychological approaches to chronic pain management: evidence and challenges. British journal of anaesthesia, 111(1), 59-63. Eccleston, C., Morley, S. J., Williams, A. D. C. (2013). Psychological approaches to chronic pain management: evidence and challenges. British journal of anaesthesia, 111(1), 59-63. Ehde, D. M., Dillworth, T. M., Turner, J. A. (2014). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for individuals with chronic pain: Efficacy, innovations, and directions for research. American Psychologist, 69(2), 153. Glare, P. A., Davies, P. S., Finlay, E., Gulati, A., Lemanne, D., Moryl, N., ... Syrjala, K. L. (2014). Pain in cancer survivors. Journal of clinical oncology, 32(16), 1739-1747. Johannsen, M., Farver, I., Beck, N., Zachariae, R. (2013). The efficacy of psychosocial intervention for pain in breast cancer patients and survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast cancer research and treatment, 138(3), 675-690. Kiserud, C. E., Dahl, A. A., Loge, J. H., Foss, S. D. (2014). Cancer survivorship in adults. In Psycho-Oncology (pp. 103-120). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kwon, J. H. (2014). Overcoming barriers in cancer pain management. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32(16), 1727-1733. Lee, Y. P., Wu, C. H., Chiu, T. Y., Chen, C. Y., Morita, T., Hung, S. H., ... Tsai, J. S. (2015). The relationship between pain management and psychospiritual distress in patients with advanced cancer following admission to a palliative care unit. BMC palliative care, 14(1), 69. Lossignol, D. A. (2013). Psychological interventions to reduce pain in patients with cancer. Current opinion in oncology, 25(4), 368-372. Marie, N., Luckett, T., Davidson, P. M., Lovell, M., Lal, S. (2013). Optimal patient education for cancer pain: a systematic review and theory-based meta-analysis. Supportive Care in Cancer, 21(12), 3529-3537. Novy, D. M., Aigner, C. J. (2014). The biopsychosocial model in cancer pain. Current opinion in supportive and palliative care, 8(2), 117-123. Ogbeide, S., Fitch-Martin, A. (2016). Cancer Pain Management: Implications for Psychologists. Psychology, Community Health, 5(1), 61-79. Paice, J. A., Von Roenn, J. H. (2014). Under-or overtreatment of pain in the patient with cancer: how to achieve proper balance. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32(16), 1721-1726. Roditi, D., Robinson, M. E. (2011). The role of psychological interventions in the management of patients with chronic pain. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 4, 4149. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S15375. [Accessed on 26 Oct. 2017] Shen, M. J., Redd, W. H., Winkel, G., Badr, H. (2014). Associations among pain, pain attitudes, and pain behaviors in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Journal of behavioral medicine, 37(4), 595-606. Syrjala, K. L., Jensen, M. P., Mendoza, M. E., Yi, J. C., Fisher, H. M., Keefe, F. J. (2014). Psychological and behavioral approaches to cancer pain management. Journal of clinical oncology, 32(16), 1703-1711. Turk, D. C., Swanson, K. S., Tunks, E. R. (2018). Psychological approaches in the treatment of chronic pain patientswhen pills, scalpels, and needles are not enough. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 53(4), 213-223. Usha Rani, M. R., Raghavendra Rao, M., HCG, B. (2015). Role of Non Pharmacological Interventions In Cancer Pain. JOURNAL OF ONCO ANAESTHESIA, 32. Zaza, C., Baine, N. (2002). Cancer pain and psychosocial factors: a critical review of the literature. Journal of pain and symptom management, 24(5), 526-542.

Accounting For Cost and Control-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.What is the purpose of Management Accounting reports? Give examples 2.What is meant by the control function of management accounting? 3.What four purposes of product costing are identified in chapter 1 of your text? Give examples 4.a. Recording labour costs involves two interlocking double entries, reflecting the two aspects of labour costs to be accounted for. Explain. b. Should overtime payments be treated as direct labour, or as overhead? 5.Prepare Materials Control T-account to record these transactions and to determine the balance of Materials Control on 1 June. 6.Prepare a business report outlining the traditional costing system and evaluate arguments for and against ABC. Answers: 1.Purpose of management accounting reports: Means of communication: Management reports are used for upward communication. It is made for use by internal users. Examples are management, government agencies, creditors and many more uses the report to know about inside condition of organization (Garrison, et al., 2010). Record for future: The reports provide valuable and significant information that can be used as reference in future. Due to this data is collected with maximum care to become source of information in future. Prepare budget: Managers analyse departments performance in order to control cost. The managers prepare budget in order to estimate expenses and income over a future period of time. A manager also uses these reports to provide incentive and increment to its employees. From budget reports analysis for future goals and budgets is prepared. Inventory process efficiency: Companies having physical inventory system uses managerial accounting reports to keep their manufacturing process effective. The reports prepared shows the labour hour wasted, overhead cost and many more which helps company to analyse profitable department and areas needing improvement. 2.Control function of management: Controlling as function of management is of significant value in business organization. It assures of the actual state of business condition is parallel to expectation. It also gives the exact data needed for effective decision making process and maintaining healthy state of business (Granlund, 2011). Controlling function is used to offer timely encourage and key to manage people in business. Control is not restricted to decide if the plans are being inclined to, yet it also prompts recognizing the reasons of deviations and to take remedial practices accordingly. It is the process by which actions are directed to produce better results and ways are improved to promote outcomes. Controlling also eliminates the obstacles resent and upcoming in path of business. It has great uses on areas which require immediate action. Controlling is also targeted at effectiveness, efficiency and better outcomes. Controlling can lead an organization to survive in difficult time, attain sustainable deve lopment and many more. 3.Purpose of product costing: Reporting to organization: It refers to business effectiveness in monitoring expenses through product cost and inventory control. The accuracy in product costing helps increasing correctness in variable costing (Fisher Krumwiede, 2012). This also helps in administering the matching principle, combining cost to value, and creating value of business. Financial accounting: Product costing helps in decision making in financial statement. It mainly involves return on investment and profit earning capacity for an organization. For example variable costing is used to know the expenses that vary with changing level of output and profitability of contract can be determined. Hence product costing acts as a decision making tool for these decisions. Cost management: It refers to development of new products. When an organization is planning to enter into new product line or innovate some of existing products then product costing act as a valuable resource. This allows business to add some specific cost not only in product but also to material, labour and many more to enable accurate calculation of product cost. Managerial accounting: Product costs are those which are necessary to produce a product. Product cost composes of direct material, production overhead and direct labour cost (Wyatt Frick 2010). It also helps in determining actual expenses incurred during a period for manufacturing a product. After knowing a product cost, sale prices and future profit can easily be estimated. 4.aTwo aspects of labour costing: Recording liability and distributing labour costs: In this labour cost will recorded as business liability. It allows flexibility to manage the allocation of payroll expenses among different departments. It also can be assigned to special project and determine profit. It gives the idea where the department is lacking due to labour control measures and decide which department is giving result. Payment of labour: During payment of labour direct labour A/c is debited and cash A/c is credited. 4.bOvertime premium treatment: Overtime premiums is considered as direct labor costs, if it is at the specific request of a client because they want a job to be finished in lesser time the process usually takes (Hart Ma, 2010). Because where overtime is worked on some specific requirement to meet urgent target for which customer paid extra money as well. Then complete labor cost is charged as direct labor cost. Overtime premium as overhead cost: Overtime is calculated at overtime rate for employees working extra hours. For example if a worker is working 49 hours a week @7 per hour and for some particular week he works for 56 hours then company pays @ 14 per hour for extra hour worked. The allocation of cost will be: Direct labor: (56x7) 396 Manufacturing O/H: (7x7) 49 Total cost: 445 5.Journal entries Material Account Date Particulars Debit Credit Balance Dr./Cr. 30-Jun Balance 20000 20000 15-Jun purchases 90000 110000 20-Jun Issued to production 50000 60000 22-Jun indirect material cons. 30000 30000 01-Jun Balance Dr.30000 6.Introduction The Activity Based Costing Analysis is an analytical method of inventory control which target at centralising efforts on items which require attention. The purpose of using ABC analysis is to generate policy framework for selective control (Hadi-Vencheh, 2010). The following framework is established to distribute items under different categories: Stricter control over items which require attention by store and purchase management. Items under category A are of huge consumption value, requires control, frequently ordered and for which weekly statements are prepared. The B classs is for medium use items. It shows 35% of total stock, which account for yearly 15-20% of overall material consumption. It requires moderate control, lesser safety stock, control on obsolete items and surplus items. Items uses easier system designed to cause lesser problem to purchase and stores department (Teunter, Babai Syntetos, 2010). It requires lowest consumption value and accounts for approximately 50% of inventory. Arguments for ABC analysis: It guarantees authority over the expensive things in which a lot of capital is contributed. It helps in creating logical technique for controlling inventories. Administrative expenses are extensively diminished and stock is kept up at ideal level. Asset allocation with ABC examination is a consistent procedure requiring intermittent following of class A things. Since these things are of most extreme esteem, the stock level should dependably line up with the client request. The organization should select items which are of huge value to customers and have highest interest. In preview of that knowledge Company can reconstruct the cost of those important items by considerable amount. Result of this will increase the profit of company by considerable amount. Arguments against ABC analysis: It is not powerful if the material is not arranged into the groups appropriately. It is not possible for an organization where the expenses of materials don't differentiate with considerable amount. The analysis depends on money related estimation of the things being used. Other critical elements one disregarded. As B and C items are not of much value, in ABC analysis makes companies to pay very less attention to lower value inventory and risk of loss arises. As no attention is paid on C group items and if stock ended then production process may halt due to undersupply of lower value items. Conclusion: Under this framework, the materials supplied might be ordered into various classes as indicated by their significance. It is built on the concept that a tiny number of things in stores critically take the huge money value of the total materials used in production process. While generally substantial huge number of things may show a less amount of the cash estimation of inventory stores utilized. It is vital system of inventory control. It helps organization to takes inventory issues seriously and invest time to manage inventory with effective measures. Recommendations: ABC analysis requires more resources than traditional inventory management and it does not meet the requirement as per GAAP. So companies with large capital and stock are unable to use. Thus its available for use by small companies. References: Fisher, J. G., Krumwiede, K. (2012). Product costing systems: Finding the right approach.Journal of Corporate Accounting Finance,23(3), 43-51. Garrison, R. H., Noreen, E. W., Brewer, P. C., McGowan, A. (2010). Managerial accounting.Issues in Accounting Education,25(4), 792-793. Granlund, M. (2011). Extending AIS research to management accounting and control issues: A research note.International Journal of Accounting Information Systems,12(1), 3-19. Hadi-Vencheh, A. (2010). An improvement to multiple criteria ABC inventory classification.European Journal of Operational Research,201(3), 962-965. Hart, R. A., Ma, Y. (2010). Wagehours contracts, overtime working and premium pay.Labour Economics,17(1), 170-179. Teunter, R. H., Babai, M. Z., Syntetos, A. A. (2010). ABC classification: service levels and inventory costs.Production and Operations Management,19(3), 343-352. Wyatt, A., Frick, H. (2010). Accounting for issnvestments in human capital: A review.Australian Accounting Review,20(3), 199-220. Yu, M. C. (2011). Multi-criteria ABC analysis using artificial-intelligence-based classification techniques.Expert Systems with Applications,38(4), 3416-3421.